Flash Past Episode 14
Flash Past to……….. History of the Internet and digital networks
Show Notes
• Early 1960s who saw great potential value in allowing computers to share information on research and development in scientific and military fields.
• First proposed a global network of computers in 1962, and moved over to the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) in late 1962 to head the work to develop it. Leonard Kleinrock of MIT and later UCLA developed the theory of packet switching, which was to form the basis of Internet connections. (also distributed networking)
• Lawrence Roberts of MIT connected a Massachusetts computer with a California computer in 1965 over dial-up telephone lines. It showed the feasibility of wide area networking, but also showed that the telephone line’s circuit switching was inadequate
• The Internet, then known as ARPANET, was brought online in 1969 under a contract let by the renamed Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) which initially connected four major computers at universities in the southwestern US (UCLA, Stanford Research Institute, UCSB, and the University of Utah).
• E-mail was adapted for ARPANET by Ray Tomlinson of BBN in 1972. He picked the @ symbol from the available symbols on his teletype to link the username and address.
◦ Archie
◦ Veronica
◦ Jughead
◦ Gopher
◦ WAIS
• In 1980, Tim Berners-Lee, an independent contractor at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Switzerland, built ENQUIRE, as a personal database of people and software models, but also as a way to play with hypertext; each new page of information in ENQUIRE had to be linked to an existing page.
• BBS, Compuserve, Delphi
• Browser: The development in 1993 of the graphical browser Mosaic by Marc Andreessen and his team at the National Center For Supercomputing Applications (NCSA)
• Delphi was the first national commercial online service to offer Internet access to its subscribers.
• By Christmas 1990, Berners-Lee had built all the tools necessary for a working Web: the HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) 0.9, the HyperText Markup Language (HTML), the first Web browser (named WorldWideWeb, which was also a Web editor)
• Web 2.0 – Beginning in 2002, new ideas for sharing and exchanging content ad hoc, such as Weblogs and RSS, rapidly gained acceptance on the Web. This new model for information exchange, primarily featuring DIY user-edited and generated websites, was coined Web 2.0.
Flash Past Trivia Question
Last weeks Question:
Q: In 1919 there was a great innovation in automobile braking. The hydraulic brake system was invented. Who invented this system?
A: Malcolm Loughead (co-founder of Lockheed); they were adopted by Duesenberg for their 1921 Model A.
This Week’s Question:
Q: What online retailer got a flood of sales once it changed its name from Cadabra.com?
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